Gusanos: los humanos tendrán que comerlos en el futuro.
Los seres humanos tendrán que incorporar gusanos en sus dietas en el futuro para evitar la desnutrición.
Gusanos: los humanos tendrán que comerlos en el futuro.
La humanidad tendrá que comer gusanos y otros extraños superalimentos para evitar la desnutrición, según un nuevo informe.
Investigadores del Reino Unido dicen que alimentos tradicionales de origen vegetal como cebada, maíz, frutas y verduras, y los alimentos de origen animal, como la carne, el pescado y los huevos, están expuestos de forma innata a diversas presiones agudas y crónicas.
Estos incluyen plagas y enfermedades, así como cambios ambientales provocados por el calentamiento global provocado por el hombre.
Gusanos. En realidad larvas.
La solución es cultivar gusanos. En realidad larvas de insectos de la mosca soldado negra (Hermetia illucens), la mosca doméstica (Musca domestica) y el escarabajo de la harina (Tenebrio molitor), a escala masiva para el consumo humano, aseguran.
Se sabe que los insectos están llenos de proteínas, nutrientes, potasio, magnesio y tres veces más ácidos grasos que los omega-3 en el salmón.
Ya se están vendiendo en algunos supermercados como un refrigerio especializado. Pero los científicos de la Universidad de Cambridge dicen que tendremos que aumentar la producción para mitigar la desnutrición global.
Dos mil millones de personas sufren inseguridad alimentaria. Hay más de 690 millones de personas desnutridas y 340 millones de niños que sufren deficiencias de micronutrientes.
Los investigadores creen que los gusanos, así como otros alimentos como las algas, pueden cultivarse más fácilmente. Ya que se pueden distribuir en comunidades aisladas en regiones remotas con acceso limitado a alimentos de origen vegetal y animal.
Nuestro sistema alimentario actual es vulnerable, dijo el autor principal, el Dr. Asaf Tzachor.
Está expuesta a una serie de riesgos: inundaciones y heladas, sequías y períodos secos, patógenos y parásitos, cuyas mejoras marginales en la productividad no cambiarán.
El Dr. Tzachor no dio una fecha aproximada para exactamente cuándo necesitaremos transformar nuestros sistemas de cultivo de alimentos.
Pero dijo que en cuanto antes hagamos la transición a los alimentos del futuro, más seguras serán nuestras dietas y más vidas podremos salvar del férreo control de la desnutrición.
Microalgas.
Además de los gusanos, los autores identifican a las microalgas, incluidas la clorella, la espirulina y el kelp de azúcar, como otra fuente de alimento prometedora.
Las microalgas ya son utilizados como complemento alimenticio y como alimento acuícola para peces. Son una excelente fuente de aminoácidos, ácidos grasos, vitaminas, minerales y antioxidantes.
Las microalgas se pueden vender en forma de polvo para rociar sobre los alimentos, así como en tabletas y jugos.
Micoproteína.
También son prometedoras las micoproteínas, proteínas derivadas de hongos y moho, como el Fusarium venenatum.
La micoproteína es un producto sustituto de la carne y se ha demostrado que es bueno para desarrollar músculo.
Los investigadores dicen que todos estos alimentos como los gusanos ya han atraído interés como alternativas nutritivas y más sostenibles.
De inicio para comer estos nuevos alimentos se podrían usar como ingredientes en lugar de comerlos enteros.
Por ejemplo, la pasta, las hamburguesas y las barras energéticas pueden contener larvas de insectos molidos y algas procesadas. Esto puede ayudar a reducir la dependencia del grano utilizado para la harina.
Cambiaría todo el sistema.
La producción de estos alimentos del futuro también podría cambiar la forma en que operan los sistemas alimentarios globales, afirman los académicos.
Se pueden cultivar a escala en sistemas modulares y compactos adecuados para entornos urbanos y comunidades aisladas como las de islas remotas.
En otra parte del informe, el equipo argumenta que es peligroso depender de los alimentos de los sistemas convencionales. Pues corren el riesgo de sufrir graves trastornos debido a una variedad de factores que escapan al control humano.
La pandemia actual destacó esta vulnerabilidad. Ya que las restricciones impuestas por el gobierno a los viajes interrumpieron la producción de alimentos y las cadenas de suministro en todo el mundo.
También en el último año, el mundo ha visto otros desafíos ambientales para los sistemas alimentarios que podrían empeorar con el cambio climático.
Diversificar nuestra dieta con estos alimentos del futuro será importante para lograr la seguridad alimentaria para todos.
El informe se publicó en la revista Nature Food.
Gusanos: los humanos tendrán que comerlos en el futuro.
Con información de Daily Mail.
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