Delfín rosado del Amazonas cruelmente usado como carnada.
A algunos les preocupa que el delfín rosado del Amazonas vuelva estar bajo amenaza al ser cruelmente utilizado como carnada para la pesca.
Delfín rosado del Amazonas cruelmente usado como carnada.
El delfín rosado del Amazonas es un mamífero inteligente y amigable que parece sonreír y ruborizarse como un humano cuando se emociona.
Pero a algunos les preocupa que el delfín de agua dulce más grande del mundo vuelva estar bajo amenaza en Brasil. Un país donde los pescadores lo cazan ilegalmente para usarlo como carnada para el pez piracatinga.
La bióloga Vera da Silva, ha trabajado durante 25 años para ayudar a preservar esta especie.
Nunca dejo de asombrarme por ellos. Son animales fascinantes , dijo Silva mientras su equipo usaba una red para traer delfines para ser examinados, medidos, marcados y liberados nuevamente en la Reserva de Desarrollo Sostenible Mamirauá.
Capturamos a una madre delfín y su cría hoy y los vimos llamándose el uno al otro. Tienen una relación muy fuerte hasta que la cría se independiza después de tres años, dijo.
Al igual que otros delfines, emiten silbidos a través de sus orificios nasales para comunicarse bajo el agua.
Lo que distingue a los delfines rosas es una lenta transformación de gris a rosa a medida que envejecen. El comportamiento y la exposición a la luz solar también influyen en los cambios de color en el delfín rojo, como se les conoce en Brasil. Pueden llegar a adquirir un color rosa brillante como los flamencos.
El cortejo y apareamiento activo del delfín rosado dio lugar a una leyenda en el Amazonas de que el animal se transforma en un hombre guapo por la noche para seducir a las mujeres del pueblo.
La reserva Mamirauá, administrada por el instituto de investigación amazónica INPA, se extiende por 11,000 kilómetros cuadrados de selva tropical inundada y humedales. Se encuentra a tres días en el Amazonas en barco desde Manaus, la capital del estado de Amazonas.
Con sus picos alargados atados con cuidado, los delfines son llevados a un centro de investigación flotante en la reserva Mamirauá. Ahí los miembros del equipo de Silva toman muestras de sangre y usan una jeringa para succionar la leche de las madres delfines para realizar pruebas.
El embarazo de un delfín suele durar 13 meses y luego alimenta a una cría bajo el agua durante dos años. Debido al largo período de lactancia, las hembras solo se reproducen cada tres a cinco años.
Eso los hace más vulnerables a la extinción si su población se agota. Los fiscales del estado de Amazonas, que pidieron la prohibición piracatinga en 2015, advirtieron entonces que hasta 2,500 delfines se mataban cada año como carnada.
El piracatinga (Calophysus macropterus) es un pez carroñero. Se alimenta de animales muertos y no tiene mucho valor gastronómico para la población amazónica. Sin embargo se comercializa fileteado, congelado o de otras formas en otras regiones de Brasil. Incluso pueden hacerlo pasar falsamente como otras variedades de pescado. Quizá lo encontremos hasta en un sushi casero.
Desde que la piracatinga ganó valor comercial, hace algo más de diez años, se calcula que la población del delfín rosado se viene reduciendo a una tasa de 10% por año.
El uso del delfín rosado como carnada es extremadamente cruel. Los arponean para atraparlos y son aniquilados a machetazos. También los captura con redes para provocarles asfixia. Como muchas veces no fallecen de inmediato, los pescadores los atan, de la cola, a los árboles y los cuelgan mientras les quitan porciones pequeñas de carne que extraen mientras el animal aún vive.
Su carne en descomposición se coloca en cajas de madera para atraer gran cantidad de piracatingas. Los capturan mientras consumen la carne del delfín rosado.
Justamente en 2020 terminó la moratoria que impedía la pesca del piracatinga y se teme que una vez más los delfines rosados corran peligro.
Aunque técnicamente no se consideran en peligro de extinción por falta de datos y se hallan en las vastas cuencas de los ríos Amazonas y Orinoco de América del Sur, se teme que los delfines rosados del Amazonas puedan desaparecer como lo hizo el delfín baiji del río Yangtze en China en 2006. Y eso no lo debemos permitir.
Con información de Reuters / World Animal Protection.
Somos Extremo Mundial.
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