Si la Tierra fuera “chupada” por un agujero negro, ¿qué nos pasaría?
¿Podría un agujero negro “chupar” a la Tierra? Hay millones de ellos en el universo. Si encontramos uno, abróchate el cinturón de seguridad.
¡Las cosas van a apestar! Bastante literal. ¿Qué veríamos si nos metieran en un agujero negro? ¿Podría la Tierra orbitar alrededor del Sol y un agujero negro? ¿Sobreviviríamos?
A solo 3,000 años luz de la Tierra hay un agujero negro visible a simple vista.
Afortunadamente, estamos a una distancia segura de este agujero negro estelar y de muchos otros similares.
Hay aproximadamente 100 millones de ellos en nuestra galaxia que conocemos.
Agujeros negros.
Son los remanentes de supernovas, que ocurren cuando las estrellas de 10 a 20 veces más grandes que nuestro Sol colapsan sobre sí mismas.
Los agujeros negros estelares son bastante comunes y tienen unos 16 kilómetros de diámetro. Y luego está la competencia mucho mayor, los agujeros negros súper masivos.
Estos tienen un diámetro aproximadamente del tamaño de nuestro sistema solar y una masa superior a un millón de soles combinados.
Uno de ellos, conocido como Sagitario A, está justo en el medio de nuestra galaxia.
Entonces, ¿qué tan cerca tendría que estar un agujero negro, para ser un peligro para la Tierra?
Destrucción masiva.
Técnicamente, un agujero negro del tamaño de un alfiler de 1 mm podría destruirnos si estuviera lo suficientemente cerca de la Tierra.
Esto debido a su masa increíblemente densa y su atracción gravitacional extrema.
Nuestra supervivencia depende de si hemos superado el horizonte de sucesos o no.
Puedes pensar en esto como el punto sin retorno del agujero negro. Cualquier cosa más allá de este punto tendría que viajar más rápido que la luz para escapar. Buena suerte con eso.
Si la Tierra se acercara lo suficiente, el lado más cercano al agujero negro comenzaría a estirarse hacia él.
Nuestra atmósfera comenzaría a vaciarse. Y luego enormes trozos de la Tierra se desgarrarían y seguirían su ejemplo. Si la Tierra lograba caer en la órbita del agujero negro, experimentaríamos un calentamiento por marea.
La fuerte atracción gravitacional desigual sobre la Tierra deformaría continuamente el planeta.
Esto generaría una enorme cantidad de fricción interna, calentando el núcleo del planeta a niveles desastrosos.
Probablemente daría lugar a terremotos devastadores, volcanes y tsunamis mortales. La trifecta de la fatalidad.
Eventualmente, la Tierra comenzaría a estirarse en un proceso conocido como espaguetificación.
¿Qué pasaría con los humanos de la Tierra?
Digamos que eres un superhéroe y decidiste luchar de cabeza contra el agujero negro.
Bueno, tus brazos estarían más cerca que tus pies, haciendo que tu cuerpo se estire verticalmente y se comprima cada vez más. Esperamos que tu súper poder sea la elasticidad.
Para un agujero negro estelar de tamaño medio, la espaguetificación puede ocurrir a varios cientos de kilómetros del horizonte de sucesos.
Pero para un agujero negro súper masivo, los físicos creen que esto sucedería dentro del horizonte de eventos debido a su tamaño.
Eventualmente, sin importar el tamaño que tenga, cualquier cosa que entre en un agujero negro se romperá en una cadena de átomos individuales.
Esto le pasaría a todo lo que lo atraviese. Personas, planetas, estrellas, lo que sea.
Desafortunadamente, todo nuestro sistema solar estaría condenado. Esto es algo para compartir en Facebook.
La física tal como la conocemos cambiaría. Cosas como la gravedad, la velocidad de la luz e incluso cómo los átomos se unen y reaccionan podrían ser completamente diferentes.
La verdad es que no sabemos qué pasaría. No podemos sacar ninguna información de un agujero negro “chupando” la Tierra. La amenaza fantasma está presente.
Con información de Discovery Magazine.
Somos Extremo Mundial.
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