2 agujeros negros colosales chocarán y harán vibrar el Universo.
El hallazgo demuestra a 2 agujeros negros que se están torciendo y distorsionando con un chorro poderoso a punto de chocar entre ellos.
2 agujeros negros harán vibrar el Universo en un futuro.
Encerrados en lo que se escenifica como un vals cósmico épico, a tan solo 9 mil millones de años luz de distancia de la Tierra, estos 2 agujeros negros supermasivos parecen estar orbitando uno alrededor del otro cada dos años.
Cada uno de los dos cuerpos gigantes tiene masas que son cientos de millones de veces más grandes que la de nuestro Sol.
Y los objetos están separados por una distancia de aproximadamente 50 veces la que separa a nuestro Sol de Plutón.
Cuando la pareja se fusione en aproximadamente 10,000 años, se espera que la colisión titánica sacuda el espacio y el tiempo.
Y estarían enviando ondas gravitacionales a través del universo.
El hallazgo: 2 agujeros negros.
Un equipo de astrónomos dirigido por la universidad de Caltech, descubrieron evidencia de de 2 agujeros negros.
Estos tienen lugar dentro de un objeto ferozmente energético conocido como cuásar.
Los cuásares son núcleos activos de galaxias en los que un agujero negro supermasivo extrae material de un disco que lo rodea.
En algunos cuásares, el agujero negro supermasivo crea un chorro que sale disparado casi a la velocidad de la luz.
El cuásar observado en el nuevo estudio, PKS 2131-021, pertenece a una subclase de cuásares llamados blazars.
En ellos, el chorro apunta hacia la Tierra.
Los astrónomos ya sabían que los cuásares podrían poseer dos agujeros negros supermasivos en órbita.
Sin embargo, había resultado difícil encontrar evidencia directa de esto.
El informe.
El informe de los 2 agujeros negros fue publicado en The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Ahí, los investigadores argumentaron que PKS 2131-021 es ahora el segundo candidato conocido para un par de agujeros negros supermasivos atrapados en el acto de fusionarse.
El primer par de candidatos estában de un quásar llamado OJ 287.
Estos se orbitan entre sí a mayores distancias.
Dando vueltas cada nueve años frente a los dos años que tarda el par PKS 2131-021 en completar una órbita.
La evidencia reveladora provino de observaciones de radio de PKS 2131-021 que abarcan 45 años.
Según el estudio, un poderoso chorro que emana de uno de los dos agujeros negros dentro de PKS 2131-021 se desplaza de un lado a otro debido al movimiento orbital del par.
Esto provoca cambios periódicos en el brillo de la luz de radio del cuásar.
Cinco observatorios diferentes registraron estas oscilaciones: Radio Observatorio Owens Valley (OVRO) de Caltech, el Observatorio Radioastronómico de la Universidad de Michigan (UMRAO), el Observatorio Haystack del MIT, el Observatorio Nacional de Radioastronomía (NRAO), el Radio Observatorio Metsähovi en Finlandia y el Wide -Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) satélite espacial.
La combinación de los datos de radio produce una curva de luz sinusoidal casi perfecta que no se parece a nada observado antes en los cuásares.
Sandra O’Neill, autora principal del nuevo estudio, junto a un estudiante de pregrado en Caltech cuyo mentor es Tony Readhead, profesor emérito de astronomía Robinson, dijo:
Cuando nos dimos cuenta de que los picos y valles de la curva de luz detectados recientemente coincidían con los picos y valles observados entre 1975 y 1983, supimos que algo muy especial estaba pasando.
Ondas en el espacio y el tiempo.
La mayoría de las galaxias, si no todas, poseen monstruosos agujeros negros en sus núcleos, incluida nuestra propia galaxia, la Vía Láctea.
Cuando las galaxias se fusionan, sus agujeros negros se “hunden”.
Esto, en el centro de la galaxia recién formada y finalmente se unen para formar un agujero negro aún más masivo.
A medida que los agujeros negros giran uno hacia el otro, perturban cada vez más el tejido del espacio y el tiempo, enviando ondas gravitacionales, que fueron predichas por primera vez por Albert Einstein hace más de 100 años.
El Observatorio de Ondas Gravitacionales con Interferómetro Láser de la Fundación Nacional de Ciencias, administrado conjuntamente por Caltech y el MIT, detecta ondas gravitacionales de pares de agujeros negros de hasta decenas de veces la masa de nuestro Sol.
Sin embargo, los agujeros negros supermasivos en el centro de las galaxias tienen entre millones y miles de millones de veces la masa de nuestro sol y emiten frecuencias de ondas gravitacionales más bajas que las detectadas por LIGO.
En el futuro, los conjuntos de sincronización de púlsares, que consisten en un conjunto de estrellas muertas pulsantes monitoreadas con precisión por radiotelescopios, deberían poder detectar las ondas gravitacionales de los agujeros negros supermasivos de este peso.
Hasta ahora, no se han registrado ondas gravitacionales de ninguna de estas fuentes más pesadas.
Pero PKS 2131-021 proporciona el objetivo más prometedor hasta el momento.
Mientras tanto, las ondas de luz son la mejor opción para detectar agujeros negros supermasivos coalescentes.
Por consiguiente, comprar un seguro barato nos ayudaría.
Con información de CalTech.
Somos Extremo Mundial.
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