Parker: la sonda que llegó increíblemente a tocar el Sol.
La sonda solar Parker de la NASA ha hecho hasta ahora lo que ninguna sonda espacial había hecho antes: ha «tocado» al Sol.
Parker: la sonda que llegó increíblemente a tocar el Sol.
Por primera vez en la historia, una sonda espacial ha tocado el Sol. La sonda solar Parker de la NASA voló a través de la atmósfera superior del Sol, la corona, y allí muestreó partículas y campos magnéticos.
Parker se lanzó en 2018 para estudiar los mayores misterios del Sol. La sonda espacial ahora rozó el borde de la atmósfera solar y recopiló nuevos datos cercanos a nuestra estrella. Esto nos permite ver el Sol como nunca antes. Incluso hay algunos hallazgos que están ayudando a los científicos a responder preguntas fundamentales sobre el Sol.
El nuevo hito marca un gran paso para la sonda solar Parker y un gran paso para la ciencia solar. El aterrizaje en la Luna permitió a los científicos comprender cómo se formó. De la misma manera el tocar la materia de la que está hecho el Sol ayudará a los científicos a descubrir información crítica sobre nuestra estrella más cercana y su influencia en el sistema solar.
El cruce exitoso.
El 28 de abril de 2021, durante su octavo sobrevuelo del Sol, la sonda solar Parker encontró las condiciones específicas magnéticas y de partículas a 18.8 radios solares (13 millones de km) sobre la superficie solar. Esto le informó a los científicos que Parker había cruzado la superficie crítica de Alfvén por primera vez y finalmente entró en la atmósfera solar.
A medida que sobrevuela más cerca de la superficie solar, Parker está haciendo nuevos descubrimientos. Otras sondas espaciales eran incapaces pues estaban demasiado lejos para verlas.
En 2019, Parker descubrió que las estructuras magnéticas en zig-zag en el viento solar, llamadas curvas, abundan cerca del Sol. Pero cómo y dónde se forman sigue siendo un misterio. Reduciendo a la mitad la distancia al Sol desde entonces, Parker ha pasado lo suficientemente cerca como para identificar un lugar donde se originan: la superficie solar.
«La sonda solar Parker tocando el Sol es un momento monumental para la ciencia solar y una hazaña verdaderamente notable», dijo Thomas Zurbuchen, administrador asociado de la Dirección de Misiones Científicas de NASA.
«Volando tan cerca del Sol, la sonda solar Parker ahora detecta condiciones en la corona que nunca antes habíamos podido», dijo Nour Raouafi, científico del proyecto Parker. «Al estar en la corona vemos evidencia de datos de campo magnético, datos de viento solar y visualmente en imágenes. De hecho, podemos ver la nave espacial volando a través de estructuras coronales que se pueden observar durante un eclipse solar total».
Parker tiene programado realizar 21 aproximaciones cercanas al Sol durante los próximos siete años. Se espera que llegue a acercarse hasta unos 6.2 millones de kilómetros de la superficie del Sol en 2024. Esto lo ubicaría más cerca que Mercurio.
Para sus momentos de aproximación, sus escudos compuestos de carbono de 4.5 pulgadas de espesor debensoportar temperaturas cercanas a los 1377 °C.
Se espera que la siguiente aproximación de la sonda sea en enero del próximo año.
No olvides ver los videos en alta definición.
Con información de Sci Tech Daily.
Somos Extremo Mundial.
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