10 especies en peligro de extinción ante el cambio climático.
Científicos de diversas nacionalidades han advertido que si no cuidamos el planeta, más de 500 especies de animales terrestres podrían desaparecer del planeta.
Ellos sostienen que la sexta extinción está cerca y es probable que ocurra en menos de 20 años. Aquí te presentamos las 10 especies que corren riesgo inminente de desaparecer:
1.- Ballenas: Las ballenas dependen de temperaturas oceánicas específicas para su migración, alimentación y hábitos reproductivos. A medida que aumenta la temperatura del mar, estos cambios alteran los hábitos necesarios para la supervivencia de las ballenas.
2.- Mariposas mediterráneas: 3/4 de las especies de mariposas que viven en la región mediterránea española están perdiendo población en los últimos años a causa del cambio climático: aumento de la temperatura y sequía, la urbanización del territorio y el desarrollo de actividades agrícolas.
3.- Lince Ibérico: Una investigación de 2013 publicada en la revista Nature Climate Change reveló que el lince ibérico podría extinguirse en los próximos 50 años debido al cambio climático, incluso a pesar de la reducción de emisiones prevista por los compromisos internacionales.
4.- Orangután de Borneo: La población total ha caído al menos un 80% en los últimos 75 años. Las principales causas son la deforestación, el tráfico ilegal y la explotación de su hábitat natural, debido a la rápida expansión de vastas plantaciones de palma aceitera.
5.- Leopardo de las nieves: Solo 4.000 ejemplares se encuentran en libertad, según la WWF de España. Esta especie de felinos vive en las montañas con más de 3,000 metros de altitud de Asia Central, como las del Himalaya, un ecosistema muy vulnerable a los efectos del cambio climático.
6.- Osos polares: El deshielo y la pérdida de su hábitat provoca que en muchas zonas se estén quedando sin alimentos y, o bien mueran, o bien tengan que emigrar hacia zonas para las cuales no están preparados. ¿Cómo sobrevivirán los osos polares sin su plataforma helada de caza?
7.- Abejas: el aumento de las temperaturas obliga a las poblaciones hacia el norte a permanecer en climas fríos y las flores de primavera florecen antes de lo normal, lo que deja menos tiempo para que las abejas polinicen.
8.- Corales: el coral no es solo una especie viva sino que es un ecosistema que permite ofrecer alimento y refugio a muchas especies. En todo el mundo, los arrecifes se están blanqueando y muriendo. La Gran Barrera de Coral de Australia experimentó el peor blanqueamiento en 2016.
9.- Pingüino Adelia: las colonias de este pequeño pingüino en la Península Antártica Occidental han disminuido al menos en un 80% desde la década de 1970. Los cambios de temperatura y hielo marino afectan a la disponibilidad de alimentos para ellos.
10.- Tortugas marinas: El aumento del nivel del mar y las inundaciones costeras erosionan las playas donde depositan sus huevos. Además se ha descubierto que las arenas más calientes provocan que un mayor número de tortugas marinas nazcan hembras.
Aproximadamente 5,200 especies de animales se encuentran en peligro de extinción en la actualidad según datos de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza: el 11% de las aves, el 20% de los reptiles, el 34% de los peces y 25% de los anfibios y mamíferos.
¡Cuidemos el planeta y lo que en él vive!
Con información de Mar Gómez, Climatóloga/IUCN/NAT GEO.
Somos Extremo Mundial.
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